Prevention of fraud in the implementation of procurement of goods and services at RSD Idaman Banjarbaru in the time pandemic Covid-19
Keywords:
Government, Procurement, Goods/services, PandemicAbstract
During emergency conditions, the process and implementation of procuring goods and services (PBJ) differ significantly from normal circumstances. One key distinction lies in the implementation stage and the allocated budget. There is a significant price disparity, leading to higher hospital spending and impacting their finances. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, two methods were employed for PBJ implementation: e-catalog and direct procurement. These methods adhered to established rules, but the general procurement plan for 2020 had to be modified due to the pandemic. Research conducted at RSD Idaman suggests that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the procurement of goods and services should utilize the direct procurement method and direct appointment as per emergency procedures outlined in the relevant laws and regulations governing the procurement of goods and services. These regulations are detailed in the Government Goods and Services Procurement Policy Institute number 13 of 2018, which explicitly addresses procuring goods and services in emergencies. This approach aims to facilitate monitoring, ensure timely completion, and prevent fraud. Furthermore, the procurement of goods and services should be conducted continuously to guarantee the availability of essential supplies. This ongoing process is crucial in meeting the demands of emergencies. By following these recommendations, hospitals can effectively manage their procurement processes, mitigate price disparities, and ensure a consistent supply of goods and services while upholding transparency and preventing fraudulent practices.
References
Adhabi, E., & Anozie, C. B. (2017). Literature review for the type of interview in qualitative research. International Journal of Education, 9(3), 86–97.
Agustini, K., Hurriyati, R., Gaffar, V., Tiana, B., & Novianti, W. (2022). The effectiveness of electronic purchase on ordering national health insurance drugs at the West Bandung pharmacy of Indonesia. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 9(5), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i5.1062
Antin, T. M., Constantine, N. A., & Hunt, G. (2015). Conflicting discourses in qualitative research: The search for divergent data within cases. Field Methods, 27(3), 211–222.
Aristei, L., D’Ambrosio, F., Villani, L., Rossi, M. F., Daniele, A., Amantea, C., Damiani, G., Laurenti, P., Ricciardi, W., Gualano, M. R., & Moscato, U. (2022). Public Health Regulations and Policies Dealing with Preparedness and Emergency Management: The Experience of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031091
Aruru, M., Truong, H.-A., & Clark, S. (2021). Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR): A proposed framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17(1), 1967–1977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
Ayoubkhani, D., Khunti, K., Nafilyan, V., Maddox, T., Humberstone, B., Diamond, I., & Banerjee, A. (2021). Post-covid syndrome in individuals admitted to hospital with covid-19: Retrospective cohort study. BMJ, 372, n693. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n693
Barbier-Gauchard, A., Dai, M., Mainguy, C., Saadaoui, J., Sidiropoulos, M., Terraz, I., & Trabelsi, J. (2021). Towards a more resilient European Union after the COVID-19 crisis. Eurasian Economic Review, 11(2), 321–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-021-00167-4
Barlow, P., van Schalkwyk, M. C., McKee, M., Labonté, R., & Stuckler, D. (2021). COVID-19 and the collapse of global trade: Building an effective public health response. The Lancet Planetary Health, 5(2), e102–e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30291-6
Borrás, S., & Edquist, C. (2013). The choice of innovation policy instruments. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 80(8), 1513–1522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.03.002
Comparisons Of Post-Disaster Public Procurement Approaches And Outcomes In New Orleans. Journal Of Public Procurement, 12 (33): 356-385. Atkinson, CL Sapat, AK 2012
Ciotti, M., Ciccozzi, M., Terrinoni, A., Jiang, W.-C., Wang, C.-B., & Bernardini, S. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 57(6), 365–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2020.1783198
Commission, P. (2010). Contribution of the not-for-profit sector (Australia) [Report]. Productivity Commission. https://apo.org.au/node/19360
Cui, L., & Lee, D. (2020). CoAID: COVID-19 Healthcare Misinformation Dataset (arXiv:2006.00885). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2006.00885
Decision President Number 12 the Year 2020 About Determination Disaster Nolan Spread COVID-19 as Disaster National, Preamble letter a
Djalante, R., Shaw, R., & DeWit, A. (2020). Building resilience against biological hazards and pandemics: COVID-19 and its implications for the Sendai Framework. Progress in Disaster Science, 6, 100080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100080
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., Holden, K. A., Read, J. M., Dondelinger, F., Carson, G., Merson, L., Lee, J., Plotkin, D., Sigfrid, L., Halpin, S., Jackson, C., Gamble, C., Horby, P. W., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., … Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: Prospective observational cohort study. BMJ, 369, m1985. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1985
Edler, J., & Georghiou, L. (2007). Public procurement and innovationâ€â€ÂÂÂÂResurrecting the demand side. Research Policy, 36(7), 949–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.03.003
Ehrenberg, J. P., Utzinger, J., Fontes, G., da Rocha, E. M. M., Ehrenberg, N., Zhou, X.-N., & Steinmann, P. (2021). Efforts to mitigate the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Potential entry points for neglected tropical diseases. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 10(01), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00790-4
Ferdinand, A. (2014). Metode Penelitian Manajemen: Pedoman Penelitian untuk Penulisan Skripsi Tesis dan Desrtasi Ilmu Manajemen.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency Regulation No 13 2018 year regarding Procurement Goods/Services in the Handling State of Emergency, Appendix I. 1.1.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute Regulation Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling State of Emergency, Article 4.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute Regulation Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling Emergency state, Appendix I 2.3.
Gereffi, G. (2020). What does the COVID-19 pandemic teach us about global value chains? The case of medical supplies. Journal of International Business Policy, 3(3), 287–301. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-020-00062-w
Giampietri, E., Verneau, F., Del Giudice, T., Carfora, V., & Finco, A. (2018). A Theory of Planned behaviour perspective for investigating the role of trust in consumer purchasing decision related to short food supply chains. Food Quality and Preference, 64, 160–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.09.012
Holliday, A. (2010). Analysing qualitative data. Continuum companion to research methods in applied linguistics, 98–110.
Institution Regulations Procurement Policy Government Goods/Services Number 13 Year 2018 about Procurement Goods/Services In Handling Emergency state, Appendix I 1.4.
Jit, M., Ananthakrishnan, A., McKee, M., Wouters, O. J., Beutels, P., & Teerawattananon, Y. (2021). Multi-country collaboration in responding to global infectious disease threats: Lessons for Europe from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 9, 100221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100221
Klimanov, V., Kazakova, S., Mikhaylova, A., & Safina, A. (2020). Fiscal resilience of Russia’s regions in the face of COVID-19. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 33(1), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-07-2020-0123
Kohler, J. C., & Dimancesco, D. (2020). The risk of corruption in public pharmaceutical procurement: How anti-corruption, transparency and accountability measures may reduce this risk. Global Health Action, 13(sup1), 1694745. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1694745
Mackey, T. K., & Cuomo, R. E. (2020). An interdisciplinary review of digital technologies to facilitate anti-corruption, transparency and accountability in medicines procurement. Global Health Action, 13(sup1), 1695241. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1695241
Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A., & Fontenot, R. (2013). Does sample size matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research. Journal of computer information systems, 54(1), 11–22.
Mutia, K. D. L., & Muga, M. P. L. (2020). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COVID-19 POLICY RELATED TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ACADEMICS AND PRACTITIONERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NUSA CENDANA. JBFEM, 3(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.32770/jbfem.vol3101-112
Najih, M., & Wiryani, F. (2020). Learning the Social Impact of Corruption: A Study of Legal Policy and Corruption Prevention in Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 11(4), 175–189.
O’Rourke, D., & Ringer, A. (2016). The Impact of Sustainability Information on Consumer Decision Making. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 20(4), 882–892. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12310
Paakkari, L., & Okan, O. (2020). COVID-19: Health literacy is an underestimated problem. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e249–e250. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4
Phillippi, J., & Lauderdale, J. (2018). A guide to field notes for qualitative research: Context and conversation. Qualitative health research, 28(3), 381–388.
Porter, M. E. (2000). Location, Competition, and Economic Development: Local Clusters in a Global Economy. Economic Development Quarterly, 14(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124240001400105
Porter, W. W., Graham, C. R., Bodily, R. G., & Sandberg, D. S. (2016). A qualitative analysis of institutional drivers and barriers to blended learning adoption in higher education. The internet and Higher education, 28, 17–27.
Pratiwi, M. I. (2020). DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PERLAMBATAN EKONOMI SEKTOR UMKM. Jurnal Ners, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v4i2.1023
Punch, K. F. (2013). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. sage.
Ratislavová, K., & Ratislav, J. (2014). Asynchronous email interview as a qualitative research method in the humanities. Human Affairs, 24(4), 452–460.
Reinsberg, B. (2019). Blockchain technology and the governance of foreign aid. Journal of Institutional Economics, 15(3), 413–429. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137418000462
Regulation of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling State of Emergency, Article 5.
Richardson, H. (2018). Characteristics of a comparative research design. Retrieved from Classroom Synonym: https://classroom. synonym. com/characteristicscomparative-research-design-8274567. html.
Strange, R. (2020). The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic and global value chains. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 47(3), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-020-00162-x
Suryo Prabowo, A. (2022). Budget Process and Budget Structure Under the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Dalam G. Dabbicco, M. Bisogno, J. Caruana, & J. Christiaens (Ed.), Public Sector Accounting, Financial Accountability and Viability in Times of Crisis (hlm. 17–41). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04745-9_2
SE Head of LKPP No 3 of 2020 Regarding Explanation on Implementation of Procurement of Goods/Services in the Context of Handling Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Tabish, S. Z. S., & Jha, K. N. (2011). Analyses and evaluation of irregularities in public procurement in India. Construction Management and Economics, 29(3), 261–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2010.549138
Tharenou, P., Donohue, R., & Cooper, B. (2007). Management research methods. Cambridge University Press.
Uyarra, E., & Flanagan, K. (2010). Understanding the Innovation Impacts of Public Procurement. European Planning Studies, 18(1), 123–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310903343567
Uzochukwu, B., Onwujekwe, E., Mbachu, C., Okeke, C., Molyneux, S., & Gilson, L. (2018). Accountability mechanisms for implementing a health financing option: The case of the basic health care provision fund (BHCPF) in Nigeria. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0807-z
Velavan, T. P., & Meyer, C. G. (2020). The COVIDâ€ÂÂÂÂÂ19 epidemic. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 25(3), 278–280. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
Wang, J., & Wang, Z. (2020). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis of China’s Prevention and Control Strategy for the COVID-19 Epidemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072235
Wang, Z., & Tang, K. (2020). Combating COVID-19: Health equity matters. Nature Medicine, 26(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0823-6
Willan, J., King, A. J., Jeffery, K., & Bienz, N. (2020). Challenges for NHS hospitals during covid-19 epidemic. BMJ, 368, m1117. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1117
Willi, Y., Nischik, G., Braunschweiger, D., & Pütz, M. (2020). Responding to the COVID-19 Crisis: Transformative Governance in Switzerland. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 111(3), 302–317. https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12439
Wouters, O. J., Shadlen, K. C., Salcher-Konrad, M., Pollard, A. J., Larson, H. J., Teerawattananon, Y., & Jit, M. (2021). Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: Production, affordability, allocation, and deployment. The Lancet, 397(10278), 1023–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00306-8
Yamali, F. R., & Putri, R. N. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Ekonomi Indonesia. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v4i2.179
Yang, L., Liu, S., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Wan, X., Huang, B., Chen, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2020). COVID-19: Immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 5(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-00243-2
Yuki, K., Fujiogi, M., & Koutsogiannaki, S. (2020). COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clinical Immunology, 215, 108427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427
Agustini, K., Hurriyati, R., Gaffar, V., Tiana, B., & Novianti, W. (2022). The effectiveness of electronic purchase on ordering national health insurance drugs at the West Bandung pharmacy of Indonesia. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 9(5), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i5.1062
Antin, T. M., Constantine, N. A., & Hunt, G. (2015). Conflicting discourses in qualitative research: The search for divergent data within cases. Field Methods, 27(3), 211–222.
Aristei, L., D’Ambrosio, F., Villani, L., Rossi, M. F., Daniele, A., Amantea, C., Damiani, G., Laurenti, P., Ricciardi, W., Gualano, M. R., & Moscato, U. (2022). Public Health Regulations and Policies Dealing with Preparedness and Emergency Management: The Experience of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031091
Aruru, M., Truong, H.-A., & Clark, S. (2021). Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR): A proposed framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17(1), 1967–1977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
Ayoubkhani, D., Khunti, K., Nafilyan, V., Maddox, T., Humberstone, B., Diamond, I., & Banerjee, A. (2021). Post-covid syndrome in individuals admitted to hospital with covid-19: Retrospective cohort study. BMJ, 372, n693. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n693
Barbier-Gauchard, A., Dai, M., Mainguy, C., Saadaoui, J., Sidiropoulos, M., Terraz, I., & Trabelsi, J. (2021). Towards a more resilient European Union after the COVID-19 crisis. Eurasian Economic Review, 11(2), 321–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-021-00167-4
Barlow, P., van Schalkwyk, M. C., McKee, M., Labonté, R., & Stuckler, D. (2021). COVID-19 and the collapse of global trade: Building an effective public health response. The Lancet Planetary Health, 5(2), e102–e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30291-6
Borrás, S., & Edquist, C. (2013). The choice of innovation policy instruments. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 80(8), 1513–1522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.03.002
Comparisons Of Post-Disaster Public Procurement Approaches And Outcomes In New Orleans. Journal Of Public Procurement, 12 (33): 356-385. Atkinson, CL Sapat, AK 2012
Ciotti, M., Ciccozzi, M., Terrinoni, A., Jiang, W.-C., Wang, C.-B., & Bernardini, S. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 57(6), 365–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2020.1783198
Commission, P. (2010). Contribution of the not-for-profit sector (Australia) [Report]. Productivity Commission. https://apo.org.au/node/19360
Cui, L., & Lee, D. (2020). CoAID: COVID-19 Healthcare Misinformation Dataset (arXiv:2006.00885). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2006.00885
Decision President Number 12 the Year 2020 About Determination Disaster Nolan Spread COVID-19 as Disaster National, Preamble letter a
Djalante, R., Shaw, R., & DeWit, A. (2020). Building resilience against biological hazards and pandemics: COVID-19 and its implications for the Sendai Framework. Progress in Disaster Science, 6, 100080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100080
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., Holden, K. A., Read, J. M., Dondelinger, F., Carson, G., Merson, L., Lee, J., Plotkin, D., Sigfrid, L., Halpin, S., Jackson, C., Gamble, C., Horby, P. W., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., … Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: Prospective observational cohort study. BMJ, 369, m1985. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1985
Edler, J., & Georghiou, L. (2007). Public procurement and innovationâ€â€ÂÂÂÂResurrecting the demand side. Research Policy, 36(7), 949–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.03.003
Ehrenberg, J. P., Utzinger, J., Fontes, G., da Rocha, E. M. M., Ehrenberg, N., Zhou, X.-N., & Steinmann, P. (2021). Efforts to mitigate the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Potential entry points for neglected tropical diseases. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 10(01), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00790-4
Ferdinand, A. (2014). Metode Penelitian Manajemen: Pedoman Penelitian untuk Penulisan Skripsi Tesis dan Desrtasi Ilmu Manajemen.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency Regulation No 13 2018 year regarding Procurement Goods/Services in the Handling State of Emergency, Appendix I. 1.1.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute Regulation Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling State of Emergency, Article 4.
Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Institute Regulation Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling Emergency state, Appendix I 2.3.
Gereffi, G. (2020). What does the COVID-19 pandemic teach us about global value chains? The case of medical supplies. Journal of International Business Policy, 3(3), 287–301. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-020-00062-w
Giampietri, E., Verneau, F., Del Giudice, T., Carfora, V., & Finco, A. (2018). A Theory of Planned behaviour perspective for investigating the role of trust in consumer purchasing decision related to short food supply chains. Food Quality and Preference, 64, 160–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.09.012
Holliday, A. (2010). Analysing qualitative data. Continuum companion to research methods in applied linguistics, 98–110.
Institution Regulations Procurement Policy Government Goods/Services Number 13 Year 2018 about Procurement Goods/Services In Handling Emergency state, Appendix I 1.4.
Jit, M., Ananthakrishnan, A., McKee, M., Wouters, O. J., Beutels, P., & Teerawattananon, Y. (2021). Multi-country collaboration in responding to global infectious disease threats: Lessons for Europe from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 9, 100221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100221
Klimanov, V., Kazakova, S., Mikhaylova, A., & Safina, A. (2020). Fiscal resilience of Russia’s regions in the face of COVID-19. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 33(1), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-07-2020-0123
Kohler, J. C., & Dimancesco, D. (2020). The risk of corruption in public pharmaceutical procurement: How anti-corruption, transparency and accountability measures may reduce this risk. Global Health Action, 13(sup1), 1694745. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1694745
Mackey, T. K., & Cuomo, R. E. (2020). An interdisciplinary review of digital technologies to facilitate anti-corruption, transparency and accountability in medicines procurement. Global Health Action, 13(sup1), 1695241. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1695241
Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A., & Fontenot, R. (2013). Does sample size matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research. Journal of computer information systems, 54(1), 11–22.
Mutia, K. D. L., & Muga, M. P. L. (2020). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COVID-19 POLICY RELATED TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ACADEMICS AND PRACTITIONERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NUSA CENDANA. JBFEM, 3(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.32770/jbfem.vol3101-112
Najih, M., & Wiryani, F. (2020). Learning the Social Impact of Corruption: A Study of Legal Policy and Corruption Prevention in Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 11(4), 175–189.
O’Rourke, D., & Ringer, A. (2016). The Impact of Sustainability Information on Consumer Decision Making. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 20(4), 882–892. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12310
Paakkari, L., & Okan, O. (2020). COVID-19: Health literacy is an underestimated problem. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e249–e250. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4
Phillippi, J., & Lauderdale, J. (2018). A guide to field notes for qualitative research: Context and conversation. Qualitative health research, 28(3), 381–388.
Porter, M. E. (2000). Location, Competition, and Economic Development: Local Clusters in a Global Economy. Economic Development Quarterly, 14(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124240001400105
Porter, W. W., Graham, C. R., Bodily, R. G., & Sandberg, D. S. (2016). A qualitative analysis of institutional drivers and barriers to blended learning adoption in higher education. The internet and Higher education, 28, 17–27.
Pratiwi, M. I. (2020). DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PERLAMBATAN EKONOMI SEKTOR UMKM. Jurnal Ners, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v4i2.1023
Punch, K. F. (2013). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. sage.
Ratislavová, K., & Ratislav, J. (2014). Asynchronous email interview as a qualitative research method in the humanities. Human Affairs, 24(4), 452–460.
Reinsberg, B. (2019). Blockchain technology and the governance of foreign aid. Journal of Institutional Economics, 15(3), 413–429. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137418000462
Regulation of the Government Goods/Services Procurement Policy Agency Number 13 of 2018 concerning Procurement Goods/Services In Handling State of Emergency, Article 5.
Richardson, H. (2018). Characteristics of a comparative research design. Retrieved from Classroom Synonym: https://classroom. synonym. com/characteristicscomparative-research-design-8274567. html.
Strange, R. (2020). The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic and global value chains. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 47(3), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-020-00162-x
Suryo Prabowo, A. (2022). Budget Process and Budget Structure Under the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Dalam G. Dabbicco, M. Bisogno, J. Caruana, & J. Christiaens (Ed.), Public Sector Accounting, Financial Accountability and Viability in Times of Crisis (hlm. 17–41). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04745-9_2
SE Head of LKPP No 3 of 2020 Regarding Explanation on Implementation of Procurement of Goods/Services in the Context of Handling Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Tabish, S. Z. S., & Jha, K. N. (2011). Analyses and evaluation of irregularities in public procurement in India. Construction Management and Economics, 29(3), 261–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2010.549138
Tharenou, P., Donohue, R., & Cooper, B. (2007). Management research methods. Cambridge University Press.
Uyarra, E., & Flanagan, K. (2010). Understanding the Innovation Impacts of Public Procurement. European Planning Studies, 18(1), 123–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310903343567
Uzochukwu, B., Onwujekwe, E., Mbachu, C., Okeke, C., Molyneux, S., & Gilson, L. (2018). Accountability mechanisms for implementing a health financing option: The case of the basic health care provision fund (BHCPF) in Nigeria. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0807-z
Velavan, T. P., & Meyer, C. G. (2020). The COVIDâ€ÂÂÂÂÂ19 epidemic. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 25(3), 278–280. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
Wang, J., & Wang, Z. (2020). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis of China’s Prevention and Control Strategy for the COVID-19 Epidemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072235
Wang, Z., & Tang, K. (2020). Combating COVID-19: Health equity matters. Nature Medicine, 26(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0823-6
Willan, J., King, A. J., Jeffery, K., & Bienz, N. (2020). Challenges for NHS hospitals during covid-19 epidemic. BMJ, 368, m1117. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1117
Willi, Y., Nischik, G., Braunschweiger, D., & Pütz, M. (2020). Responding to the COVID-19 Crisis: Transformative Governance in Switzerland. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 111(3), 302–317. https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12439
Wouters, O. J., Shadlen, K. C., Salcher-Konrad, M., Pollard, A. J., Larson, H. J., Teerawattananon, Y., & Jit, M. (2021). Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: Production, affordability, allocation, and deployment. The Lancet, 397(10278), 1023–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00306-8
Yamali, F. R., & Putri, R. N. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Ekonomi Indonesia. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v4i2.179
Yang, L., Liu, S., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Wan, X., Huang, B., Chen, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2020). COVID-19: Immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 5(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-00243-2
Yuki, K., Fujiogi, M., & Koutsogiannaki, S. (2020). COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clinical Immunology, 215, 108427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427
Downloads
Published
2023-07-18
How to Cite
Labati Silapurna, E. (2023). Prevention of fraud in the implementation of procurement of goods and services at RSD Idaman Banjarbaru in the time pandemic Covid-19. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 6(3), 315–323. Retrieved from https://exsys.iocspublisher.org/index.php/JMAS/article/view/251
Issue
Section
Articles
